Working with the Media

Think of the media as a tool. Getting media coverage can help you draw attention to specific issues regarding learning disabilities, educate the public, and put policymakers on the spot by drawing attention to their actions. The media wields a lot of power in society today, but behind all the newsprint and sound waves, reporters are people like you who want to share good stories with the public. With a good angle and the right timing, you can bring a lot of attention to the needs and rights of children with learning disabilities.

Working with the media can take a few different forms

• Writing letters to the editor
• Writing op-ed pieces
• Approaching editorial boards
• Calling a radio show
• Preparing press releases

Keep these basic principles in mind when working with your local newspaper, radio station or even a television program

• Know exactly what it is you want to say and how to say it.

  Be concise, and keep your message to two or three strong points that you can express in a few different ways.

• Find our who's in charge when you contact any media outlet or specific reporter.

  Be sure you find out who is in charge of education and/or disability issues, and get that person's direct phone number, fax number and email address.

• Use the simplest, plainest language possible.

  Reporters may or may not know as much as you do about learning disabilities, but your words are for the public the reporter is reaching, whom you should assume are not at all familiar with the issues you are discussing. On the other hand, don't be condescending, either.

• Familiarize yourself thoroughly with any newspaper, radio show or television program you'll be communicating with.

  Be sure that you understand the style and general angle of the outlet, and that you are familiar with the work of any particular editor, reporter or producer with whom you might be in contact. This way you'll know how to approach them or, perhaps to push back when he or she writes or says something you disagree with. Frequently, you will find that reporters are drawn to the issue of learning disabilities because of some personal connection, such as a child or relative who has LD. Use those kind of connections to your advantage"you can build a relationship by offering yourself as a resource.

• Never assume that anything is "off the record."

  It's a reporter's job to take what you say and turn it into a story that sells papers. The only way you can make sure they are telling your story is by sticking to it. Don't throw in little commentaries, even if you think you're just lightening up the conversation, unless you are prepared to see them in print.

• "No comment" is a comment.

  It doesn't imply that you don't know; it implies you know, but don't want to talk about it because it might undermine your point.

• It's okay to say, "I don't know."

  The best thing to say is, "I don't know, but I can get back to you on that." Then, find out quickly, and contact the reporter promptly.

• Don't let a reporter get to you.

  It's a reporter's job to ask questions and sometimes even play devil's advocate. Always remain polite, calm and collected, and make sure you stay on topic.

• Don't let reporters put words in your mouth.

  It's dangerous to agree with a statement they make for you (i.e., "So would you say that"). The quotes should come from you, not them. If you're not sure he or she got it right, it's okay to ask a reporter to read back what you just said.

• Prepare.

  Preparation is the best way to ensure that you come away from any one-on-one situation having clearly and effectively communicated your message.

• Be courteous.

  Always thank the person with whom you are dealing, and follow up to make sure your messages are being used.

• Letters to the Editor

  The letters section is always one of the most popular sections of any paper or magazine. This section is an easy way for you to let policymakers know your opinions and to educate readers about issues that concern you. Letters can be used to correct or respond to the facts in an article, to praise or criticize opinions expressed in the publication or to simply bring attention to the issue you want to address.
  
  Study the publication you're writing to before you begin. Know the name of the appropriate editor to write to, and become familiar with the format that published letters take. Some newspapers have written guidelines for their letters. Following these guidelines closely is the best chance you have of getting published.

 

Here are a few more tips to help you get your message across in a letter to the editor: 

• Timing is everything.

  Respond to an article or news item right after it happens; or even better, if you know a bill is passing or an article is being printed, send your letter to the editor before readers know anything about it.

• Keep it short and sweet.

  Just as when you are writing to a legislator, keep your letter clear and concise. Make one strong point and leave it at that. It's a good idea to write a draft of your letter, take a break, and then look at it again. That way you can edit out any emotional fervor and be sure that you are saying exactly what you intend.

• Check your facts.

  Both your credibility and that of the publication hang on the accuracy of your letter, and credibility is everything. If it turns out you didn't have your facts straight, it's unlikely your letters will be published again.

• Make it relevant.

  If you are writing to a small, local paper, explain how your issue affects the community (i.e., "If Councilman Who's resolution passes, one in every four third graders at Whoville Elementary School will be "). If you are writing to a larger publication, adapt your tone and scope to its audience.

• Name names.

  Don't be afraid to mention policymakers' names"this is another way to get their attention. If you are addressing a specific person's policies or intentions, send a copy of the letter to that person. Politicians need to know you are paying attention to what they are doing for children with LD.

• Let them know who you are.

  Any letter to the editor should include all your contact information. The publication won't print it, but an editor may need to get in touch with you to verify some information or to ask you questions. Just as with policymakers, one of your goals is to become a source for them. Also, if you have any credentials that make you more of an authority, mention them. Any expertise will make it far more likely that your letter will get printed.

• Follow up.

  Call the publication to make sure they received your letter and offer to help them with any stories they have planned on learning disabilities. They might have feedback for you on your letter or might take the opportunity to ask you a few questions about the issue.

• Keep trying.

  Even if your letter doesn't get published, write another one the next time it's appropriate. There can be many reasons why a publication doesn't print any one letter, and educating the editorial staff of the publication is an important task, too.

• Writing an Op-Ed Piece.

  Op-eds are the upper crust of letters to the editor. They are written by readers, just like letters to the editor, but tend to come from people of authority, such as presidents, CEOs, even legislators. Op-eds carry a byline, so, in a way, they are articles, but opinionated ones. If you are part of an advocacy organization, it's a good idea to give the byline to the executive director, or a member of the board (with their permission, of course). When writing an op-ed, use the guidelines for letters to the editor, and also keep in mind:
  
  
  • The format for an op-ed is very specific. Usually they range from 300-750 words. Make sure you know what the publication's guidelines are. Op-eds are generally also exclusive, so submit the op-ed to the publication that has the largest circulation and the greatest likelihood of publishing your work.
  • The strongest op-eds are the ones that make readers understand (1) why an issue is important to them personally and (2) what they should do about it. The tone should not suggest that the issue is about you and your agenda, but rather that yours is of broad concern, and you are offering a suitable call to action.
  • Make it simple. Your message should be loud and clear, so a good rule of thumb is to first tell them what you are going to say, say it and then tell them what you said. Your language should be jargon-free and unemotional.

Approaching Editorial Boards

Editorial boards are the editors and staff of a publication who determine what goes into the publication. Going to an editorial board is the behind-the-scenes way to get your message out. Your first goal is to get an editorial — the official opinion of the publication — written about your issue. (Newspaper editorials have been known to sway public opinion strongly — politicians work hard to get a paper to endorse them during elections). Convincing an editorial board is a lot like convincing a legislator. Meeting with an editorial board can also have the added benefit of bringing the focused attention of the editors to your issue, so that learning disabilities may get more coverage in the future.

 

Prepare for a visit with an editorial board just like you would a visit to a legislator.

 

• Going as part of a team is a good idea, particularly if you can select a person of authority and influence as the leader.
• Editors are always busy, so be ready to present everything in less than 15 minutes.
• Brainstorm story ideas that relate to your tightly-worded message to present to the board.
• When you're done, ask whether the publication will be able to write an editorial supporting your position, or feature an article on your cause. If not, be polite and gracious, and offer to write an op-ed piece.

 

Calling a Radio Show

Advocating for the rights of children with learning disabilities on the air is similar to all the other forms of advocacy, with one exception"it is the sound of your voice. There is a lot of power in an individual voice on a local radio program, and it can be a great opportunity for you to humanize the issue you want to bring attention to, but you have to be prepared.

 

• Know the program you'll be on.

  When you are on the air, you are on the spot, and there's no going back to edit what you say. Be sure to learn how the host talks to people, such as whether he or she has particular tactics when speaking with callers that get others flustered.

• Know your message inside and out.

  Again, radio is live, so having notes in front of you to make sure you have the words you need to express yourself clearly and simply is key. Talk about a particular bill or a particular legislator by name, and explain precisely what you are trying to achieve.

• Think about your audience.

  When you are talking, think about who is listening. Be specific about how this issue affects your community, and talk about the local legislators and what they can do. The goal is to communicate that this is an issue about people, people like you and your listeners. Don't use language you're not comfortable with, and be prepared to answer any questions. Whatever the questions may be, bring the answer back to your message.

• Practice.

  If you've never been on the air before, it's a good idea to practice with a tape recorder and another person asking you questions. Using a tape recorder will allow you to listen to what you've said and how you've said it. Long pauses to think may come across as indecisiveness. A nervous laugh may sound patronizing, and "umms" and "ahhs" can detract from your point. Conduct a few rehearsals, and you'll feel much more confident when calling, which can only benefit your message.

 

Preparing Press Releases

Press or news releases are concise announcements of time-sensitive information regarding an important situation or event. Generally, press releases are issued by organizations, but individual advocates can benefit from knowing how and when a press release is sent to the media.

 

The most effective press releases follow a standard format and provide newsworthy, interesting information in a concise manner to journalists. A good press release can be the backbone of an article, and reporters are grateful for condensed copy to help them make a news item more relevant. On the other hand, if an individual or organization sends out a press release for no better reason than to send out another press release, they all become irrelevant. In the media, credibility is extremely important, and sending out irrelevant press releases is a lot like crying "wolf."

 

To learn more about how to write and distribute a press release, read the Communications Presentation by the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

 

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Gratefully adapted from 20/20 Vision's Tools for Activists and ASCD's Advocacy Kit.